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81.
82.
The stability of kinetic Alfven waves is discussed for a partially ionized plasma with a flux of ionizing electrons which balance the plasma particle losses. Accidental electromagnetic perturbations are shown to be unstable due to the energy change of ionizing electrons. 相似文献
83.
Nikolaus Gussone Gerald Langer Markus Geisen Blair A. Steel Ulf Riebesell 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2007,260(3-4):505-515
Four species of marine calcifying algae, the coccolithophores Calcidiscus leptoporus, Helicosphaera carteri, Syracosphaera pulchra and Umbilicosphaera foliosa were grown in laboratory cultures under temperatures varying between 14 and 23 °C, and one species, C. leptoporus, under varying [CO32−], ranging from 105 to 219 μmol/kg. Calcium isotope compositions of the coccoliths resemble in both absolute fractionation and temperature sensitivity previous calibrations of marine calcifying species e.g. Emiliania huxleyi (coccolithophores) and Orbulina universa (planktonic foraminifera) as well as inorganically precipitated CaCO3, but also reveal small species specific differences. In contrast to inorganically precipitated calcite, but similar to E. huxleyi and O. universa, the carbonate ion concentration of the medium has no statistically significant influence on the Ca isotope fractionation of C. leptoporus coccoliths; however, combined data of E. huxleyi and C. leptoporus indicate that the observed trends might be related to changes of the calcite saturation state of the medium. Since coccoliths constitute a significant portion of the global oceanic CaCO3 export production, the Ca isotope fractionation in these biogenic structures is important for defining the isotopic composition of the Ca sink of the ocean, one of the key parameters for modelling changes to the marine Ca budget over time. For the present ocean our results are in general agreement with the previously postulated and applied mean value of the oceanic Ca sink (Δsed) of about − 1.3‰, but the observed inter- and intra-species differences point to possible changes in Δsed through earth history, due to changing physico-chemical conditions of the ocean and shifts in floral and faunal assemblages. 相似文献
84.
85.
广西及邻区中等地震前地震活动参数时间扫描异常特征 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
郭培兰 《地震地磁观测与研究》2006,27(1):1-7
分析了广西及邻区中等地震前7种地震活动性参数的时间扫描异常特征,结果表明,地震活动性参数的分析可以提取中等地震前的异常信息,在中等地震前异常明显,对广西及邻区未来中强地震的震情分析有一定的预报意义。 相似文献
86.
对1966~1984年邢台地震目录进行了整理,应用基于MATLAB的Z-MAP软件分析了地震目录的完整性,将目录划分为地震活跃时段、地震活动过渡时段、地震活动相对稳定时段。主要分析了各时段地震深度b值、沿断层深度剖面扫描b值,根据深度b值变化对邢台地震演化特点进行了分析。 相似文献
87.
Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of meteoric water are known to correlate with surface air temperature, except in tropical areas. This relationship has been described using a number of terms corresponding to specific observations, such as latitude, altitude and seasonal effects. However, these temperature effects do not seem to apply to precipitation in monsoonal areas of Asia. Questions have been raised as to whether the isotopic composition of meteoric water can be used to reconstruct paleomonsoon intensity. Tree rings of two modern spruce trees (Picea meyeri) and a 10,000-yr-old timber (Picea jezoensis) were analyzed for hydrogen isotopic composition. On average, the older tree is depleted in deuterium by 45‰ compared to the modern trees. We attribute this isotopic depletion to the strength of summer monsoons, which were more intense in the early Holocene than at present. Although this study is not definitive, it suggests that paleomonsoon intensity can be reconstructed by direct or proxy methods that yield the oxygen or hydrogen isotopic composition of meteoric water. 相似文献
88.
地震活动性参数b值和年发生率的一种取值方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了一种将历史地震与现代小震统计结果相协调,去不可靠或不稳定数据段确定地震活动性参数b值,以及通过不同震级下限地震频度的时间滑动分析,选取现今与历史相近,且具较高震级下限的统计结果,推算4级以上地震年发生度v4的方法。计算给出了东南沿海地震带及其南带,北带的b值和v4值。 相似文献
89.
We consider Vela Jr. as being the old Supernova Remnant (SNR) at the beginning of the transition from adiabatic to radiative stage of evolution. According to our model, Vela Jr. is situated outside Vela SNR at the distance of 600 pc and its age is 17500 yr. We model the high energy fluxes from Vela Jr. and its broadband spectrum. We find our results compatible with experimental data in radio waves, X- and γ-rays. Our hydrodynamical model of Vela Jr. explains the observed TeV γ-ray flux by hadronic mechanism. The proposed model does not contradict to the low density environment of the SNR and does not need extreme fraction of the explosion energy to be transferred to Cosmic Rays. 相似文献
90.
An integrated linear/non-linear flow model for the conduit-fissure-pore media in the karst triple void aquifer system 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Most karstic aquifer media may be characterized as the triple-void media with highly-varied hydraulic properties, including matrix pore, fissure and conduit, in which liner flow may co-exist with non-linear flow. In this paper, an attempt is made to couple linear flow with non-linear flow in a single unified flow governing equations by introducing the concept of equivalent hydraulic conductivity (EHC) and deriving a general Darcys law for various flow. The expression of EHC in the karst conduit and fissure are also derived. The procedures of numerical implementation are demonstrated via an ideal model and a case study of karst aquifer system in the Beishan Ore Formation area, Guangxi Autonomous Region, China. 相似文献